Free tool

1099 penalty calculator

Enter what went wrong with a batch of information returns and get an estimate of the section 6721 (IRS copy) and section 6722 (recipient copy) penalties, with the math shown.

Average gross receipts, last three tax years, at or under $5 million

Small-filer caps apply (for example $1,397,000 at the highest tier).

IRS copy (section 6721), due Monday, February 1, 2027

What went wrong

Recipient copy (section 6722), due Monday, February 1, 2027

Uses the IRS copy's count, date, and outcome above, measured against the recipient due date of Monday, February 1, 2027.

Estimated penalty

1099-NEC, returns due in 2027 (Rev. Proc. 2025-32), at or under $5M receipts.

IRS copy: section 6721

Filed March 20, 47 days after February 1 (due Monday, February 1, 2027).

Tier
After 30 days, by August 1: $130 per return
Uncapped
$130 x 12 = $1,560
Cap
$698,500 (does not bind)
Payable
$1,560

Recipient copy: section 6722

Filed March 20, 47 days after February 1 (due Monday, February 1, 2027).

Tier
After 30 days, by August 1: $130 per return
Uncapped
$130 x 12 = $1,560
Cap
$698,500 (does not bind)
Payable
$1,560
Estimated combined penalty
$3,120

An estimate, not a bill. The calendar-year cap covers all of a filer's failures that year, so other penalties for the same year reach the cap sooner. Every figure comes from Rev. Proc. 2025-32 (checked 2026-09-18), and every due date has the weekend and holiday shifts applied. Nothing you type leaves your browser.

How the calculator works

Each side follows one formula: the per-return tier amount times the penalized returns, capped at the calendar-year maximum. Then the two sides are added. For returns due in 2027 the tier amounts are $60, $130, and $340 per return, from Rev. Proc. 2025-32.

The tier comes from your dates, not from a menu. The tool finds the required date for the form, method, and copy you picked, with weekend and DC-holiday shifts applied, then measures your filing or correction date against it: within 30 days after the required date is the first tier (IRC 6721(b)(1)), after that but by August 1 of the due year is the second, and anything later is the third. A tax-year 2026 1099-NEC is due Monday, February 1, 2027, so its 30-day window closes Wednesday, March 3, 2027. The 30-day count starts on the shifted due date, which is the reading the 1099 penalties guide uses. The regulation defines the required filing date without addressing the shift (Treas. Reg. 301.6721-1(b)(3)).

The 10-return exception removes timely returns with errors that you correct by August 1, up to the greater of 10 or 0.5% of the returns required that year (IRC 6721(c)(2); IRC 6722(c)(2) for recipient copies). The regulation states the limit but not how to round a fractional 0.5%, so the tool rounds down. The exception never removes a late-filing penalty, and it does not apply to intentional disregard. The tool treats each copy as either late or on time with an error; a return that was both late and wrong is priced as late.

The cap is per side and per calendar year: $4,191,500 at the highest tier for large filers and $1,397,000 for filers at or under $5 million in average gross receipts. The cap covers all of a filer's failures that year, so other penalties the same year reach the cap sooner.

What it does not cover

De minimis errors: no correction or penalty when no amount is off by more than $100, or $25 for withholding, unless the recipient elects out and asks for a corrected statement. The 1099 penalties guide explains the election-out.

Reasonable-cause relief: the main route off a penalty, claimed with a signed written statement under IRM 20.1.7.12. The 1099 penalties guide lists what the statement must contain.

State penalties: each state sets its own information-return requirements on top of the federal ones. The 1099 penalties guide covers federal penalties only.

Penalties on W-2, 1042-S, and 1095 forms: the picker covers the 1099 family and 1098, so it does not price those forms. The 1099 penalties guide prices information returns under sections 6721 and 6722.

Questions

How does the calculator pick my tier from two dates?
It compares the date you filed or corrected against the required date for that copy, weekends and holidays already shifted. On or before 30 days after the required date prices at $60 per return. After that but on or before August 1 of the due year prices at $130. Anything later, including returns not filed yet, prices at $340. For a tax-year 2026 1099-NEC due Monday, February 1, 2027, the first window closes Wednesday, March 3, 2027.
Why is the combined estimate twice one side when both copies are late?
The IRS-copy penalty (section 6721) and the recipient-copy penalty (section 6722) are separate penalties with the same tier amounts, so the tool prices each copy on its own dates and adds them. Correcting the IRS filing never corrects the recipient statement, and each side carries its own calendar-year cap.
What does “not filed yet” assume?
The highest tier, with no 10-return exception. A return that is still missing cannot be within the 30-day window or corrected by August 1, so the tool prices it at the after-August-1 amount and caps it like any other late return. File now: the penalty stops growing once the return is filed, and a return filed today may still land in a lower tier.
Does the cap limit this batch or my whole year?
The whole year. Each tier amount has a calendar-year maximum per side, and every failure that year counts toward it. A second bad batch in the same year starts where this one leaves off, so a filer near the cap owes less on paper for the next failure, not more. The tool prices only the batch you enter.
Is this the exact amount the IRS will assess?
No. It is an estimate from the published tier amounts in Rev. Proc. 2025-32. Reasonable cause can waive the penalty, the de minimis safe harbor can remove small errors, an intentional-disregard finding replaces the tiers with a greater-of penalty and no cap, and other failures in the same year consume the cap. The /guides/1099-penalties guide works through each of those.
Is anything I type saved or sent anywhere?
No. The dates and dollar amounts are calculated in your browser and never leave it. There are no network calls, no analytics events, and nothing is stored.

Last verified September 19, 2026 against Rev. Proc. 2025-32, IRC sections 6721 and 6722, Treasury Regulation 301.6721-1, IRM 20.1.7, and the General Instructions for Certain Information Returns. Every dollar figure is computed from lib/penalties.ts, and every date from lib/deadlines.ts. For the rules behind each tier, read the 1099 penalties guide.

Filing season 2027

Penalties compound per form. File clean originals instead.

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